Fast Fermi Acceleration and Entropy Growth

¹ Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
² Departamento de Matemática Aplicada e Estatística, Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil,
³ Lobachevsky University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia

^⋆ Corresponding author. E-mail: tiago.pereira@imperial.ac.uk
^⋆⋆ Corresponding author. E-mail: turaev@imperial.ac.uk

Abstract

Fermi acceleration is the process of energy transfer from massive objects in slow motion to light objects that move fast. The model for such process is a time-dependent Hamiltonian system. As the parameters of the system change with time, the energy is no longer conserved, which makes the acceleration possible. One of the main problems is how to generate a sustained and robust energy growth. We show that the non-ergodicity of any chaotic Hamiltonian system must universally lead to the exponential growth of energy at a slow periodic variation of parameters. We build a model for this process in terms of a Geometric Brownian Motion with a positive drift and relate it to the entropy increase.